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Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is the visual examination of the large intestine (colon) to identify and/or correct a problem using a lighted flexible video endoscope.  The video endoscopes use a tiny, optically sensitive computer chip at the end.  Electronic signals are transmitted up the scope to a computer which displays the image on a large video screen.  There is an open channel in the scope that allows other instruments to be passed in order to perform certain procedures such as polyp removal and biopsy to obtain small tissue samples for microscopic analysis. 

Colonoscopy is an important tool in the prevention and early detection of colon disease and abnormalities such as:

  • Colon cancer (a serious but highly curable malignancy)
  • Polyps (fleshy tumors which are usually the forerunners of colon cancer)
  • Colitis (chronic recurrent inflammation of the colon)
  • Diverticulosis (pockets along the intestinal wall that form over time and can become infected)
  • Rectal bleeding
  • Chronic diarrhea, constipation, or change in bowel habits
  • Anemia (diminished red blood cell count)
  • Abdominal symptoms such as pain or discomfort, including abnormal weight loss

Preparing for the exam
The preparation for the exam varies based on physician preference.  To obtain the full benefits of the exam, the colon must be clean.  You will receive instructions from your doctor on how to do this.  It may involve drinking a solution, or taking a series of pills, which will flush the colon clean.  The physician will advise you of specific dietary restrictions and instructions prior to the exam.  The physician will give you instructions on the use of regular medications during the preparation time.  It is very important that the preparation be completed as prescribed.  This will allow for clear visualization of the large intestine. 

You will receive a pre-procedure phone call from a surgical center nurse 24-48 hours prior to the procedure to review your medical history and instructions.

The day of the procedure

  • Bathe or shower on the morning of your exam to minimize the risk of infection.
  • You may brush your teeth and rinse, but do not swallow water.
  • Wear clean, loose, comfortable clothing and low-heeled shoes to the surgical center.
  • Do not smoke prior to your exam.  Ask your doctor when you need to discontinue smoking.
  • Do not wear jewelry (including earrings and body piercings), or bring valuables to the surgical center.
  • Bring your insurance card(s) with you.
  • Bring your reading glasses with you.
  • Bring a complete list of all of your medications, including dosages.
  • You cannot drive following the procedure, and need a responsible adult to drive you home.  For your safety, this policy is strictly adhered to.  You may only take a taxi if a responsible adult accompanies you.
  • You can expect to be at the surgical center for a minimum of two hours. 
  • Following the procedure, when at home, you may eat and drink normally unless otherwise instructed by your physician. 
  • You cannot consume alcohol, drive, work, operate large machinery, or make important decisions until the day after the procedure.
  • If a biopsy or sample is taken, the physician will receive results in 7 – 10 days, and contact you accordingly by letter or telephone call.